Author: Pei Kuan Lai

Salivary amylase and adiponectin as potential non-invasive markers of glycaemic control in Malaysian type 2 diabetes mellitus participants

Posted Pei Kuan LaiPosted in Original Article

Authors: Helen Thong, Sangeetha Shyam, Ammu Radhakrishnan, Cheong Lieng Teng.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Serum amylase and adiponectin levels have shown promise as markers of cardio-metabolic diseases.
However, the levels of these markers in saliva and their association with glycaemic management in diabetes mellitus (DM) are not well documented. Therefore, we investigated the correlation of salivary amylase and adiponectin concentrations with measures of glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) participants.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 80 T2DM participants of Indian and Malay ethnicity. Saliva was collected, and salivary amylase and adiponectin concentrations were analysed. Recent fasting blood sugar and HbA1c of the participants was obtained from their medical records. The correlations of salivary amylase and adiponectin with fasting blood sugar and HbA1c were calculated using Spearman’s correlation.

Results: There was a weak positive correlation between salivary adiponectin and HbA1c (rho = 0.221, p = 0.051). The salivary adiponectin levels was significnalty lower among participants with good glycaemic control (HbA1c ≤ 7.0%) compared to those with poor glycaemic control (HbA1c > 7.0%,) (1.13 (1.75) vs. 2.34 (3.54) ng/ml, p = 0.039).

Conclusion: Salivary adiponectin weakly correlated with HbA1c, while salivary amylase showed no correlation with
the glycaemic parameters studied. Therefore, salivary adiponectin may warrant further investigation as a potential non-invasive biomarker of T2DM.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); salivary adiponectin; salivary amylase; haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).

Citation: IeJSME 2020 14(1): 8-21

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56026/imu.14.1.8

Contradictory diagnostic investigation results of an unusual skin lesion in a man with HIV-HBV coinfection – A diagnostic and management conundrum

Posted Pei Kuan LaiPosted in Case Study & Report

Authors: Gerald Jian Ming Lee and Kwee Choy Koh

ABSTRACT

This case report highlights the potential ramifications of an error in the diagnosis of an unusual skin lesion due to misguided interpretation of conflicting investigation results, in a treatment-experienced patient with HIV-HBV co-infection. The ramifications include potential life threatening limitation of therapeutic options for 2nd line antiretroviral therapy due to potential drug-drug interactions.

Keywords: HIV, tuberculosis, antiretroviral therapy, molluscum contagiosum, drug-drug interaction.

Citation: IeJSME 2020 14(1): 22-24

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56026/imu.14.1.22