Author: Mansharan Kaur Chaincel Singh

ABSTRACT

Amoebiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the intestinal protozoan Entamoeba histolytica, most prevalent in developing countries. It results in 40,000 to 100,000 deaths each year from amoebic colitis and extra intestinal infections. Amoebic liver abscess (ALA) is the most common extra intestinal site of infection with an incidence of between 3% and 9% of all cases of amoebiasis. Ultrasound which has a sensitivity of more than 90% for detecting ALA is highly recommended as an initial investigation followed by serological demonstration of circulating antibodies specific to Entamoeba histolytica.

Keywords: amoebiasis; amoebic liver abscess; Entamoeba histolytica; serology; ultrasound.

Citation: IeJSME 2018 12(1): 27-31

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56026/imu.12.1.27

Authors: Sunil Pazhayanur Venkateswaran, Rafiq Abdul Karim Vasiwala, Norfadzilah Mohd Yusof.

ABSTRACT

Primary sinonasal Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma’s (NHLs) are quite rare and emulate the presentation of benign inflammatory diseases. It is challenging to distinguish them morphologically and radiologically from other malignant neoplasms. We report a 37-year-old male patient who presented with obstruction of the nasal passages, rhinorrhoea, epistaxis, post nasal drip, facial swelling, orbital symptoms and pyrexia. The mass was a nasal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma confirmed by immunohistochemistry. After the first cycle of chemotherapy was started, the patient improved with resolution of the facial swelling, pain and visual defects. A high index of suspicion is required to differentiate sinonasal lymphomas from other lesions.

Keywords: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, palate, CD20, CD79α, and KI-67.

Citation: IeJSME 2018 12(2): 22-25

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56026/imu.12.2.22

Authors: Mohd Bakrynizam Abu Bakar Siddiq, Kamarul Izham Kamarudin, Kamarul Al Haq, Suresh Chopr.

ABSTRACT

Limb length discrepancy (LLD) is quite common. Lower limb shortening is one of the causes of limb length discrepancy. The common treatment that is used is the llizarov technique for bone lengthening. The new technique uses an intramedullary nail with a monoplanar external fixator. Using this technique, bone lengthening duration in patients can be reduced and knee joint mobility can be improved without jeopardizing bone regeneration. We report a case of a 27-year-old gentleman who had right femur shortening from childhood and was referred to us for corrective deformity. He underwent bone lengthening on the nail which lenghthens and equalizes the leg while avoiding stiffness and reduces joint mobility which leads to good patient satisfaction outcome. The use of the external fixator with intramedullary nailing to lengthen the femur is one method that can reduce patient burden mentally and physically. However although it has many advantages we must watch out for the complications during the regular visits to ensure good outcome.

Keywords: Bone lengthening, limb length discrepancy, external fixator.

Citation: IeJSME 2018 12(2): 26-29

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56026/imu.12.2.26

Authors: Ren Yi Kow, Akmal Azim Ahmad Alwi, Aziah Abdul Aziz, Muhammad Firdaus Abas, Chooi Leng Low.

ABSTRACT

The human foot serves as an important part to support the body weight and accounts for the majority of our movements. A mangled limb involves injury to at least three out of four systems, namely the soft tissues, nerves, blood supply and bone. While amputation is indicated in some cases of mangled limb, with proper planning, limb salvaging surgical management is also a viable option. Special consideration to the skeletal stabilization, control
of infection, vascular status and soft tissue coverage is paramount to the success of limb salvaging surgery. We present a case of mangled limb which was successfully treated with limb salvaging surgical management. Initial debridement, Kirschner wires insertion and cross ankle external fixation were used for skeletal stabilization. An antibiotic spacer was inserted for local antibiotic and to maintain the length left due to the loss of medial and intermediate cuneiform bones. The anterior tibialis artery and its venae comitantes were utilized for free vascularized fibular graft to provide bony reconstruction as well as soft tissue coverage for the mangled foot.

Citation: IeJSME 2018 12(2): 30-33

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56026/imu.12.2.30

Authors: Kamarul Izham bin Kamarudin, Jun Wei Then, Ching Wooi Yeoh, Ying Jing Ooi, Chopra S.

ABSTRACT

Bone transport using the Ilizarov technique has been one of the most popular techniques in treating fracture with significant bone defect. However, pain and joint stiffness following Ilizarov fixation are few of the well-known complications. We report a case of a 23-year-old gentleman with a closed left humeral diaphyseal fracture following a traffic accident who underwent plating of the left humerus which was later complicated with infected nonunion. He was then treated with corticotomy and bone lengthening using the semicircular Ilizarov ring fixator. Good clinical and functional outcomes were observed during transportation period (elbow flexion 10̊ to 90̊) with minimal complications.

Keywords: Semi-circular Ilizarov rings, infected nonunion, bone transport.

Citation: IeJSME 2018 12(2): 34-36

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56026/imu.12.2.34

Authors: Gerald Jian Ming Lee and Kwee Choy Koh

ABSTRACT

This case report highlights the potential ramifications of an error in the diagnosis of an unusual skin lesion due to misguided interpretation of conflicting investigation results, in a treatment-experienced patient with HIV-HBV co-infection. The ramifications include potential life threatening limitation of therapeutic options for 2nd line antiretroviral therapy due to potential drug-drug interactions.

Keywords: HIV, tuberculosis, antiretroviral therapy, molluscum contagiosum, drug-drug interaction.

Citation: IeJSME 2020 14(1): 22-24

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56026/imu.14.1.22

Authors: Jing Hern Khoo, Yin Teng Ng, Kamarul Izham Kamarudin, Leong Jiahour, Ahmad Fauzey Kassim.

ABSTRACT

Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction refers to the aberrant position or movement of SIJ structures that may cause low back pain. We report a case of right SIJ dysfunction, which was successfully managed by SIJ cannulated screw fixation and transiliac interpedicular screw and rod.

A 30-year-old female was involved in a motor vehicle accident and sustained anterior column of the right acetabulum fracture, right inferior pubic ramus fracture along with right SIJ diasthesis. She presented to us with right hip and lower back pain which led to a clinical diagnosis of right SIJ dysfunction. She underwent right SIJ cannulated screw fixation and transiliac interpedicular rod. Post-operatively, she was able to ambulate better with improving pain score upon subsequent follow-up visits.

Although transiliac interpedicular rod and sacroiliac joint screw fixation have been utilized in cases of unstable pelvic injury, literatures of applying this method of fixation to manage SIJ dysfunction are still limited. This case therefore illustrates the potential of said fixation as a method of providing additional stability in cases of SIJ dysfunction.

Keywords: Sacroiliac joint, pain, dysfunction, transiliac interpedicular screw and rod, stability.

Citation: IeJSME 2021 15(1): 40-42

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56026/imu.15.1.40